EPA-04 Personnel administration unit25 motivation & morale

                 (Meanings of motivation)
(1)Motivation is derived from the latin word 'em overe' which means 'to move'

(2)Motivation is the complex forces starting and keeping a person to work in
an organisation.

(3)Motivation is something moves a person into action and continues
    him in the course of certain already initiated.

(4)Stand by vances opines that 'Motivation' implies any motion or desire which
so conditioned one's will that the individual is propelled into action.

(5)Dale and beach felt motivation as 'a willingness to expand energy to
   achieve a goal or reward.

(6) Shartle opines motivation as a reported urge or tension to move in a
  given direction or to achieve a certain goals.

(7) According to the above definitions motivation is considered as the art
 of stimulating people to take desirsed course of action.


    (The objectives of motivation)

(1)According to B.F skinner motivation objectively exists to make individual
learned what may be regarded as positive behaviour ie desirable behaviour.

(2) Abraham maslow observes that the objective of motivation is to create
  a need always for an individual.


(3)Federrick hergbeg felt that the important objective of motivation is to
  provide opportunities to become more expert in one's job, to handle more
demanding assignments, to control one's own work rather than be supervised.

(4)Melelland opined that the objective of motivation is to create a strong
 desire in an individual, where he derives a special kind of joy in successfully
 attaining an objective in accomplishing a task, in facing up to challenge rather
than monetary or other rewards.

(5) Victor vroom thinks that motivation should work as a means of
   communication for increasing positive values in the employees.


                (Factors of motivation)
(1)Job enlargement  (2) Job enrichment
(3)Delegation of authority  (4)Job security (5)Status and pride
(6)Participation (7)Congenial work environment


                    (Morale)
(1)The problem of employees's more is that of stimulating a feeling of
  togetherness, a sense of identification with the job.

(2)Morale is an attitude of satisfaction with desire to continue in and willing
  ness to strive for the goals of a particular organisation.

(3)More is viewed as the capacity of a group to pull together persistently
  and consistently in pursuit of common purpose.

                    (Factors effecting morale)
(1)The organisation itself.
(2)Nature of work of employees.
(3)Supervisory techniques.
(4)Fellow employees.


            (The measure to improve morale)
(1)Job statisfaction (2)Job training (3)Recognition of aspiration
(4)Unrest  (5)Counselling interviews  (6)Oppurtunities  (7)Relations
(8)Facilities.

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